Types of parallel computing

All use different data for each worker

Data-parallel

Same operations on different data. Also called SIMD.

SPMD

Same program, different data.

MIMD

Different programs, different data.

SPMD and MIMD are essentially the same because any MIMD can be made SPMD.
SIMD is also equivalent, but in a less practical sense. MPI is primarily for SPMD/MIMD.