CENG 425 System Programming
Spring 2006

Most recent announcement: Jun13

Announcements

Watch this space for the latest updates. Last updated: 13.Haziran.2006 17:30 Term projects are accesible.

5.Haziran.2006 15:45 The date for the presentation of the term projects is Jun 09, 2006 at 12.00 in lecture hall A-319.

June 2, 2006 15:33 The possible date for the presentation of the term projects is Jun 06, 2006 at 13.00 in lecture hall A-319.

May 17, 2006 14:55 The last lecture planned for tomorrow (May 18) is postponed to the project presentation day due to the faculty meeting and unsuitable schedule.

The lab notes for the fourteenth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

May 12, 2006 10:41 The lecture notes for the thirteenth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

May 8, 2006 15:49 The lab notes for the thirteenth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

May 5, 2006 12:49 The lecture notes for the twelfth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

May 1, 2006 16:48 The lab notes for the twelfth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

April 27, 2006 17:43 Final exam date is announced and the lecture notes for the eleventh week is published, see Course Schedule section.

April 24, 2006 15:15 The lab notes for the eleventh week is published, see Course Schedule section.

April 21, 2006 13:15 The lecture notes for the tenth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

April 17, 2006 11:51 The lab notes for the tenth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

April 14, 2006 18:28 Some topics for the term project are taken (fcfs), see the list.

April 13, 2006 17:20 Deadline for the submission is postponed to lab. hour.

April 12, 2006 13:41 The first question in the nineth week's lab will be graded. It is due to lecture hour. You should send your program to me via email.

April 10, 2006 15:58 The possible topics for the term project are given;

1. Bootstraping

2. Device Drivers in Linux – Yaman Çakmakçı

3. Ext2 file system

4. Journalling file systems – Alp E. ÖZKUL

5. Kernel Memory Allocator in Linux – Şenay Büyükarslan

6. Low Level Synchronization in Linux

7. MMU – Neslihan Nailli

8. Micro Kernel – Z. Burak Ata

9. Monolithic Kernel – Nevrez İmamoğlu

10. Mounting File Systems in Linux

11. Operating System and Keyboard – H. Emre Akkuş

12. Operating System and Mouse

13. Process Scheduling in Linux – M. Murat Ekici

14. Page Tables in Linux

15. Page Replacement Policy in Linux

16. Reiserfs file system

17. System Calls in Linux – B. Tuna Hünerli

18. TLB – Çağatay Bal

19. Virtual Memory in Linux – Gülistan Özdemir

20. Virtual File System – Özgür Pekçağlıyan

April 10, 2006 15:48 The lab notes for the nineth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 31, 2006 11:01 The lecture notes for the seventh week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 27, 2006 11:09 The lab notes for the sixth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 24, 2006 08:39 The lecture notes for the sixth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 20, 2006 10:47 The lab notes for the fifth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 17, 2006 13:51 The lecture notes for the fifth week is published, see Course Schedule section. For the fourthweek lab questions and other examples visit the page.

March 13, 2006 10:36 The lecture notes for the fourth week is modified, also the lab notes for the fourth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 10, 2006 14:42 The lecture notes for the fourth week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 5, 2006 16:18 The lab notes for the third week is published, see Course Schedule section.

March 3, 2006 00:02 The lecture notes for the third week is published, see Course Schedule section.

February 27, 2006 16:25 The lab notes for the second week is published, see Course Schedule section.

February 24, 2006 01:33 In the first lecture, there will be first metting.

• The lecture notes for the second week is published, see Course Schedule section.

• For laboratory studies, the codes in the book and some other codes will be reexamined.

• Anyone wants to get turkix-3.0.iso or KNOPPIX_V3.7-2004-12-08-EN.iso or may ask to room 308.

Overview

It is aimed to describe the concepts of the system programming by using Linux/Unix operating system.

• C programming language will be used

• The concepts described in the Operating Systems course will be studied in detail with applications

• Students will be familiar with the Unix based operating systems

Lecture Information

There is one group for lecturing and one group for lab sessions. The UNIX operating system will be introduced to you first in the lab sessions , later some concepts of the system programming by using Linux/Unix operating system will be studied by C codes and you will be responsible for writing codes, to be graded.

Important announcements will be posted to the Announcements section of this web page above, so please check this page frequently. You are responsible for all such announcements, as well as announcements made in lecture.

Course Outline

• Contents

• List of Tables

• List of Figures

• Getting Started

  • Compiling with GCC

    • Compiling a Single Source File

    • Optimization Options

    • Linking Object Files

    • Common Command-line Options

    • Error Checking and Warnings

  • Automating the Process with GNU Make

  • Debugging with GNU Debugger (GDB)

    • Compiling with Debugging Information

    • Running GDB

  • Finding More Information

    • Man Pages

    • Header Files

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY I - Getting Started

• Writing Good GNU/Linux Software

  • Interaction With the Execution Environment

    • GNU/Linux Command-Line Conventions

    • Using getopt_long

    • Standard I/O

    • Program Exit Codes

    • The Environment

    • Using Temporary Files

  • Coding Defensively

    • Errors and Resource Allocation

  • Writing and Using Libraries

    • Archives

    • Shared Libraries

    • Library Dependencies

    • Pros and Cons

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY II - Writing Good GNU/Linux Software

• Introduction to Shell Programming

  • What is Linux Shell?

  • What is Shell Script ?

  • Getting started with Shell Programming

    • How to write shell script

    • Variables in Shell

    • Shell Arithmetic

    • Exit Status

    • The read Statement

    • Why Command Line arguments required

    • Redirection of Standard output/input

  • Shells (bash) structured Language Constructs

    • Decision making

    • Loops

    • How to de-bug the shell script?

  • Advanced Shell Scripting Commands

    • Local and Global Shell variable (export command)

    • Conditional execution i.e. and

    • User Interface and dialog utility

    • Dialog Utility

    • getopts command

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY III - Introduction to Shell Programming

    • Examples&Exercises:

• Processes

  • Looking at Processes

    • Process IDs

    • Viewing Active Processes

    • Killing a Process

  • Process Control

    • Attributes

  • Creating Processes

    • Using system and popen

    • Using fork and exec

    • Using clone

    • Process Scheduling

  • Signals

  • Process Termination

    • Waiting for Process Termination

    • The wait System Calls

    • Zombie Processes

    • Cleaning Up Children Asynchronously

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY IV - Processes

    • Examples&Exercises:

• Threads

  • Thread Creation

    • Passing Data to Threads

    • Joining Threads

    • Thread Return Values

    • Thread Attributes

  • Thread Cancellation

    • Synchronous and Asynchronous Threads

    • Uncancelable Critical Sections

  • Thread-Specific Data

  • Synchronization and Critical Sections

    • Race Conditions

    • Mutexes

    • Mutex Deadlocks

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY V - Threads I

    • Examples&Exercises:

    • Semaphores for Threads

  • Linux Thread Implementation

  • Processes Vs. Threads

• Interprocess Communication

  • Shared Memory

    • Fast Local Communication

    • The Memory Model

    • Allocation

    • Attachment and Detachment

    • Controlling and Deallocating Shared Memory

  • Processes Semaphores

    • Allocation and Deallocation

    • Initializing Semaphores

    • Wait and Post Operations

  • Mapped Memory

    • Mapping an Ordinary File

  • Pipes

    • Communication Between Parent and Child Processes

    • Redirecting the Standard Input, Output, and Error Streams

  • FIFOs

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY VI - Threads II & IPC

    • Examples&Exercises:

  • Sockets

    • Socket Concepts

    • System Calls

    • Servers

    • Local Sockets

    • An Example Using Local Namespace Sockets

    • Internet-Domain Sockets

  • Devices

• Device Types

  • Device Numbers

  • Device Entries

    • The /dev Directory

    • Accessing Devices by Opening Files

  • Hardware Devices

  • Special Devices

    • /dev/null

    • /dev/zero

    • /dev/full

    • Random Number Devices

    • Loopback Devices

  • ioctl

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY VI - IPC II & Devices

    • Examples&Exercises:

• The /proc File System

  • Extracting Information from /proc

  • Process Information

    • /proc/self

    • Process Argument List

    • Process Environment

    • Process Executable

    • Process File Descriptors

    • Process Memory Statistics

  • Hardware Information

    • Kernel Information

    • Drives, Mounts, and File Systems

  • System Statistics

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY VIII - The /proc File System

    • Examples&Exercises:

• Linux System Calls

  • Using strace

  • access: Testing File Permissions

  • fcntl: Locks and Other File Operations

  • fsync: Flushing Disk Buffers

  • getrlimit and setrlimit: Resource Limits

  • getrusage: Process Statistics

  • The mlock Family: Locking Physical Memory

  • mprotect: Setting Memory Permissions

  • readlink: Reading Symbolic Links

  • sysinfo: Obtaining System Statistics

  • uname

• Inline Assembly Code

  • When to Use Assembly Code

  • Simple Inline Assembly

    • Converting an asm to Assembly Instructions

  • Example

  • SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY IX - Linux System Calls & Inline Assembly Code

    • Examples&Exercises:

• Secure Programming

  • Types of Applications

  • Users and Groups

  • Process User IDs and Process Group IDs

  • File System Permissions

  • Security Hole: Programs Without Execute Permissions

    • Sticky Bits

  • Real and Effective IDs

    • Setuid Programs

  • More Security Holes

    • Buffer Overruns

    • Race Conditions in /tmp

    • Using system or popen

• SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY X - Secure Programming

  • Examples&Exercises:

• Programming the User Interface

  • Terminal Control the Hard Way

    • Controlling Terminals

    • Using the Terminal Interface

    • Changing Terminal Modes

    • Using terminfo

  • Screen Manipulation with ncurses

    • About Windows

    • Illustrating ncurses Initialization and Termination

    • Input and Output

  • X Window Programming

    • The Xlib API

    • A Sample Xlib Program

    • The X Toolkit API

• SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY XI - Programming the User Interface

  • Examples&Exercises:

• References:

• vita

• About this document ...

Text Book

Required

Recommended

Mark Mitchell, Jeffrey Oldham, and Alex Samuel, Advanced Linux Programming, New Riders, 2001.

Online References

The web page www.advancedlinuxprogramming.com contains all the information related with the text book.

Grading Criteria

• There will be final exam, will count 50% of your grade.

• Attendance is required and constitutes part of your course grade; 10%

• You are supposed to prepare term report describing the concepts in the context of the course, weighting %40 of your grade.

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Policies

• Attendance is not compulsory, but you are responsible for everything said in class.

• I encourage you to ask questions in class. You are supposed to ask questions. Don't guess, ask a question!

• You may discuss homework problems with classmates (although it is not to your advantage to do so).

• You can use ideas from the literature (with proper citation).

• You can use anything from the textbook/notes.

• The code you submit must be written completely by you.

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Course Schedule

The following schedule is tentative; it may be updated later in the semester, so check back here frequently.

Week	Dates	Topic	Lecture Notes Acrobat	Laboratory Studies
Lectures
1	February 17, 2006	First Meeting	NA	NA
2	February 24, 2006	Getting Started	pdf	html	pdf
3	March 3, 2006	Writing Good GNU/Linux Software	pdf	html	pdf
4	March 10, 2006	Introduction to Shell Programming	pdf	html	pdf
5	March 17, 2006	Processes	pdf	html	pdf
6	March 24, 2006	Threads	pdf	html	pdf
7	March 31, 2006	Threads & Interprocess Communications	pdf	NA
9	April 14, 2006	Interprocess Communications & Devices	pdf	html	pdf
10	April 21, 2006	The /proc File System	pdf	html	pdf
11	April 28, 2006	System Calls & Inline Assembly Code	pdf	html	pdf
12	May 5, 2006	Secure Programming	pdf	html	pdf
13	May 12, 2006	Programming the User Interface I	pdf	html	pdf
14	May 19, 2006	Programming the User Interface II	pdf	html	pdf
Exams
Midterm	Term Project
Final	22 May 2006 11:00-13:00 B-306